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Mangla Dam
The Mangla Dam () is a multipurpose dam located on the Jhelum River in the Mirpur District of Azad Kashmir, Pakistan. It is the 7th largest dam in the world. The project was designed and supervised by Binnie & Partners of London (the team led by partner Geoffrey Binnie), and it was built by Mangla Dam Contractors, a consortium of 8 U.S. construction firms, sponsored by Guy F. Atkinson Company of South San Francisco.〔Alvi, Hamid. "Two Years of Mangla Dam Project." ''Trade and Industry: The International Monthly Economic Journal of Pakistan''. Spec. issue on Mangla Dam VIII.5 (1964): 633.〕
==Background==
As part of the Indus Waters Treaty signed in 1960, India gained rights to the waters of the Ravi, Sutlej and Beas rivers, while Pakistan, in addition to waters of the above three rivers within Pakistan and some monetary compensation, received the rights to develop the Jhelum, Chenab and Indus river basins. Until 1967, the entire irrigation system of Pakistan was fully dependent on unregulated flows of the Indus and its major tributaries. The agricultural yield was very low for a number of reasons, the most important being a lack of water during critical growing periods. This problem stemmed from the seasonal variations in the river flow due to monsoons and the absence of storage reservoirs to conserve the vast amounts of surplus water during those periods of high river discharge.
〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Tarabela Dam )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Indus Basin Project )〕
The Mangla Dam was the first of the two dams constructed to reduce this shortcoming and strengthen the irrigation system of the country as part of the Indus Basin Project, the other being Tarbela Dam on River Indus.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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